NEWZSIP Northeast Work Zone Safety Improvement Plan

State of the Practice Explorer

Documented work zone safety practices across nine Northeast states, drawn from key informant interviews. Choose a state to see what it is doing across every topic, or choose a topic to compare all nine states.

Findings summarize key informant interviews with state DOT personnel and describe documented practices only; subjective assessments offered during interviews are reserved for the full State of the Practice report. Where a related official program page, manual, or statute is available, a “Learn more” link is provided for additional context; these supplementary references do not exist for every finding.

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Connecticut

Speed Safety Cameras

Connecticut operates a work zone speed safety camera program, Know the Zone, authorized by Conn. Gen. Stat. § 13a-263 (Public Act 23-116). After a testing and warning period, mailed enforcement begins July 6, 2026: a registered owner receives a written warning for a first violation and a $75 fine for a second or later violation within one year, and any vehicle detected at 85 mph or more receives a $75 fine even on a first offense. Cameras trigger at 10 mph or more over the posted limit and may be deployed at up to 15 active work zones where workers are present and the posted limit is 45 mph or higher.

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Integration with WZDX

Connecticut integrates work zone information with navigation apps such as Waze and Apple Maps through the HAAS Alert system, allowing drivers to receive real-time notifications about active work zones. The state is also connected to TRANSCOM, the regional operations consortium that helps distribute work zone alerts.

Universal Double Fines

Connecticut doubles fines for moving violations, including speeding, in highway construction zones, utility work zones, and traffic incident management zones under Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-212a. The doubling applies statewide wherever the required fines-doubled signs are posted and work is underway.

Guidelines Beyond MUTCD

Connecticut supplements MUTCD with a Work Zone Safety Guidelines manual for maintenance operations, which includes additional instructions for liability signs, a numbering system for signs, and detailed training materials on work zone setups.

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Officer Presence

In Connecticut, officer presence is typically required for highway construction projects, where police are present for direction and safety rather than enforcement. For maintenance work zones, officers are often budgeted for active enforcement, though their presence is not always guaranteed.

Flagger Details

Flaggers are required for maintenance work zones in Connecticut. The state mandates flagger presence and provides training to ensure proper setup and safety.

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Work Zone Inspection and QA

In Connecticut, work zone inspections are conducted during setup, with follow-up inspections if necessary. While there is no formal regulation for ongoing inspections, maintenance and construction personnel may conduct additional checks if they observe emerging safety issues. The state also tracks incidents and conducts inspections as needed based on behavior or safety concerns.

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Training Requirements for Workers

Connecticut requires flaggers and workers to undergo training in work zone safety, with specific programs developed for maintenance operations. New employees are trained using a Work Zone Safety Guidelines manual, and refresher courses, including "tailgate talks," are provided regularly.

Use of Technology in Work Zones

Connecticut uses technologies such as HAAS Alert to integrate work zone information into navigation apps like Waze and Apple Maps, so drivers receive real-time notifications about active work zones. The state also uses variable message signs (VMS) and traffic cameras for real-time traffic management.

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Public Engagement and Communication

Connecticut uses HAAS Alert to integrate work zone information into navigation apps like Waze and Apple Maps, and also uses 511 systems to share real-time updates with the public. Public outreach includes social media and other communication methods to inform drivers about active work zones.

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Crash Data Collection and Analysis

Connecticut tracks work zone crash data through police reports and uses an internal system to analyze incidents. The state collects work zone crash data for further safety analysis and response.

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Pennsylvania

Speed Safety Cameras

Pennsylvania operates a permanent work zone speed safety camera program. It began as a five-year pilot authorized by Act 86 of 2018 (warnings-only enforcement began March 2020, fine-carrying enforcement December 2023); Act 38 of 2023 removed the sunset date and the permanent program took effect February 15, 2024. It issues civil violation notices (a warning, then $75, then $150) rather than criminal citations, with no license points, and has produced measurable reductions in work zone speeding and crashes; violations can be contested within 30 days.

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Integration with WZDX

Pennsylvania integrates work zone information into its 511 system and uses the Work Zone Speed Safety Cameras website for public access to enforcement-related data. Coordination with Google Maps and Waze is ongoing, and the state aims to enhance real-time work zone data sharing.

Universal Double Fines

Pennsylvania does not have universal double fines for all violations in work zones. Double fines are limited to certain violations and specific conditions, which some stakeholders believe should be expanded.

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Guidelines Beyond MUTCD

Pennsylvania supplements MUTCD with Publication 213, a field reference guide that expands on MUTCD with typical applications, general notes, and specific guidance for work zone construction and maintenance. It also includes state-specific standards outlined in the design manual. Note: The PTC utilizes their own standards, PTS 900s.

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Officer Presence

In Pennsylvania, law enforcement presence is not required, nor typical for work zones. However, law enforcement presence is typically requested in work zones, and can be required in specific instances. Officers are deployed for both enforcement and to provide protection at the back of traffic queues. The need for police presence is determined based on the risk level of the work zone.

Flagger Details

Flagger presence is often required for many short-term work zones in Pennsylvania, and flaggers must be certified through PennDOT’s flagger training program. The state also has specific guidelines for flagger placement, ensuring that flaggers are appropriately positioned to control traffic safely.

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Work Zone Inspection and QA

In Pennsylvania, work zone inspections are primarily handled by district offices, with each district having a work zone manager. The state also conducts at least two quality assurance (QA) inspections per year for work zones. Additionally, there is a QA unit within the construction department that inspects traffic control on every project. These inspections ensure contractors comply with work zone standards, and any violations are addressed promptly.

Training Requirements for Workers

In Pennsylvania, flaggers must undergo certification through PennDOT’s flagger training program. The state also provides a temporary traffic control safety program that includes self-paced training modules and in-person courses for field staff, foremen, and engineers. Contractors are required to follow these training standards. Note: All workers involved with temprorary traffic control must complete the field staff course at a minimum

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Use of Technology in Work Zones

Pennsylvania uses speed safety cameras cameras in certain work zones, showing reductions in speeding and crashes. The state also employs smart arrow boards, smart work zones, and incident management cameras for monitoring work zone activities. PSP TraCS is used for reportable crash data collection, and QLIK dashboards help analyze work zone safety metrics. The TraCS and Qlik dashboards are PTC specific (PennDOT utilizes Power BL), PennDOT utitlizes their Crash Reporting System. The PTC collects additional non-reportable crash and incident data through CAD and its ATMS program. PennDOT has simialr data collection methods.

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Public Engagement and Communication

Pennsylvania uses 511 systems to provide work zone updates and is working on improving communication through Work Zone Speed Safety Cameras. Public alerts and information are also available through the state’s Qlik dashboard, though this is mainly for internal use. Qlik dashboards are PTC specific, and public are not in the dashboards. Additionally, the PA New Driver WZ Safety Program exists.

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Crash Data Collection and Analysis

Pennsylvania collects reportable crash data through police reports, which include a checkbox for crashes occurring within a work zone. The state uses QLIK dashboards to analyze crash data and work zone safety metrics. Qlik dahsboards are PTC specific, whereas PennDOT uses Power BL

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Maine

Speed Safety Cameras

Maine considered a pilot for speed safety cameras in Maine Turnpike work zones (LD 1457), but the Legislature rejected it in April 2026 over privacy concerns. Speed safety cameras are not currently authorized or implemented in Maine; MaineDOT and the Maine Turnpike Authority have indicated they intend to pursue them again.

Integration with WZDX

Maine integrates work zone information into its 511 system, which also shares data with Waze. However, this integration is limited to general updates about work zones and does not involve dynamic or real-time updates tied to specific work zone activity.

Universal Double Fines

Maine has had universal double fines in work zones for many years, applying them broadly to enhance safety.

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Guidelines Beyond MUTCD

Maine does not have additional guidelines beyond MUTCD; the state adheres strictly to MUTCD standards.

Officer Presence

In Maine, police presence is not required on interstate and other high-volume projects, but is helpful in many locations. Officers are primarily there for visibility and traffic control but are not usually tasked with enforcement.

Flagger Details

Flagger presence is mandatory for most work zones, especially on high-traffic or high-risk projects. Maine requires flaggers to be trained, and the state enforces this training to ensure that flaggers are qualified and positioned correctly to ensure safe traffic flow.

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Work Zone Inspection and QA

In Maine, work zone inspections are conducted by the project’s designated inspector, who reviews work zone setups at the beginning of the project and conducts random checks throughout. Resident engineers are responsible for ensuring that the setup complies with standards. Maine also monitors work zones for issues such as missing signs or improper setups, and inspections are done several times per year.

Training Requirements for Workers

Maine requires flagger training for workers involved in traffic control. Flaggers must pass a MaineDOT-approved flagger test administered by a Department-approved flagger certifier and carry a certification card (MaineDOT Standard Specification 652.4), with training consistent with ANSI standards and the MUTCD. MaineDOT continues to enhance its work zone training program.

Use of Technology in Work Zones

Maine is exploring smart work zones with technologies such as portable rumble strips and attenuator trucks for enhanced safety. They are also looking into speed safety cameras and integrating work zone data with 511 systems.

Public Engagement and Communication

Maine shares work zone information through 511 systems and integrates data with Waze. However, public outreach beyond these systems is limited, and Maine relies heavily on local communication for public engagement.

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Crash Data Collection and Analysis

Maine tracks crash data through police reports and maintains a system for analyzing high-crash locations. The state uses this data for identifying trends related to work zone incidents.

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Massachusetts

Speed Safety Cameras

Massachusetts has not implemented speed safety cameras in work zones. Past legislative efforts focused on areas such as red-light running and school zones rather than work zones. Language to allow speed safety cameras, including in work zones, was included in the Governor's FY2026 budget recommendation. In the 2025-2026 (194th) legislative session, “An Act relative to construction zone speed control systems” is pending as H.3660 (Representative Michael J. Finn) and S.1784 (Senator John C. Velis); as of mid-2026 none had been enacted.

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Integration with WZDX

Massachusetts is actively working on integrating work zone data with WZDX. They have conducted testing with Waze to ensure accurate information about work zone start points and lane closures is provided directly from MassDOT rather than relying on user-generated data. Recently, MassDOT has deployed connected devices on an active I-95 at 1-295 in Attleboro that is receiving connected device data to validate the planned work going on there. This is a permanent (fixed) work zone, so there is no testing of night-to-night lane closure scenarios; however, that is planned for some projects in the coming construction season.

Universal Double Fines

Massachusetts has universal double fines in work zones, applying them consistently across the state to improve compliance and safety.

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Guidelines Beyond MUTCD

Massachusetts supplements MUTCD with its own work zone safety details and drawings tailored to state needs. These include requirements for rumble strips, speed feedback signs, and pedestrian and bicycle accessibility, as well as updated guidance incorporated into the Project Development and Design Guide.

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Officer Presence

In Massachusetts, officer presence is typically required in work zones, particularly for high-volume projects or those with complex traffic patterns. Police officers are usually stationed at work zones to assist with traffic control and ensure safety, though they may not be needed for every project depending on the scale.

Flagger Details

Flaggers are required for most work zones in Massachusetts, particularly for maintenance and construction projects. Flaggers must undergo specific training, and their presence is critical for controlling traffic during lane closures or diversions. MassDOT ensures that flaggers are appropriately trained and positioned according to work zone needs.

Work Zone Inspection and QA

In Massachusetts, work zone inspections are conducted by Resident Engineers and district safety inspectors. The Resident Engineer is responsible for overseeing the work zone setup, while safety inspectors conduct random checks during the project. Additionally, MassDOT performs work zone assessments at least once a year, with FHWA involvement for comprehensive evaluations.

Training Requirements for Workers

Massachusetts mandates that flaggers undergo specific training. MassDOT also has an internal training program that covers temporary traffic control and work zone safety. This includes training for workers involved in both maintenance and construction work zones.

Use of Technology in Work Zones

Massachusetts uses smart work zones with technologies like variable speed limit signs and incident management systems. The state also uses cameras for monitoring work zones and shares data with navigation apps like Waze through 511 systems. They are exploring new technologies for worker protection, including smart vests.

Public Engagement and Communication

Massachusetts uses 511 systems and variable message signs for work zone communication. The state also integrates with navigation apps like Waze to ensure public awareness of road closures and active work zones. Public engagement efforts focus on social media and email alerts.

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Crash Data Collection and Analysis

Massachusetts tracks work zone crash data through police reports. The state analyzes the data to identify trends and improve work zone safety. They also use the 511 system for reporting and tracking work zone incidents.

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New Hampshire

Speed Safety Cameras

New Hampshire does not currently utilize speed safety cameras in work zones. They have implemented smart work zones with speed feedback signs, which display drivers' speeds to encourage compliance, but these systems do not issue enforcement actions.

Integration with WZDX

New Hampshire does not currently integrate work zone data with WZDX. However, the state is exploring ways to link its work zone information to platforms like Waze for active work zone visibility, but these efforts are still in the early stages.

Universal Double Fines

New Hampshire does not double work zone fines. RSA 265:6-a instead sets flat enhanced penalties: $250 to $500 for speeding in a construction or maintenance zone staffed by workers, and $150 or $250 for failing to yield to workers in a work area.

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Guidelines Beyond MUTCD

New Hampshire supplements MUTCD with its POSITIVE Protection Guidelines for Work Zones, which include additional requirements for raised pavement markers and other state-specific traffic control details

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Officer Presence

In New Hampshire, officer presence is generally required for night work and high-risk projects. Officers are deployed to control traffic when necessary, but their presence is not always required for smaller projects or lower-risk work zones. Police presence is based on traffic volume, project complexity, and safety concerns.

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Flagger Details

Flaggers are required for most work zones in New Hampshire, particularly for projects with lane closures. Flagger training is required per specification.

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Work Zone Inspection and QA

In New Hampshire, work zone inspections are conducted by the Resident Engineer, who is responsible for reviewing traffic control plans and ensuring compliance with safety standards. The state also conducts periodic inspections by the work zone traffic control specialist, who check for any issues during the project. The inspections are supplemented by a work zone report system that documents taper rates, cone spacing, and other relevant factors.

Training Requirements for Workers

New Hampshire requires flagger training for workers involved in traffic control in work zones. The state also mandates refresher training every four years for flaggers and provides a basic work zone safety training for employees in the Operations division.

Use of Technology in Work Zones

New Hampshire uses smart work zones with speed feedback signs and variable message boards. The state is also experimenting with real-time data collection from work zones, with future plans for integrating data into apps like Waze.

Public Engagement and Communication

New Hampshire uses the regional New England 511 system to share work zone information with the public. The state is exploring further integration with Waze, but public engagement efforts are currently less robust compared with some other states.

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Crash Data Collection and Analysis

New Hampshire collects work zone crash data through work zone reports and analyzes the data, which includes factors such as taper rates and message board placements.

New Jersey

Speed Safety Cameras

NJDOT does not utilize speed safety cameras in work zones. There are currently no active programs permitting their use.

Integration with WZDX

NJDOT publishes a work zone data feed conforming to the Work Zone Data Exchange (WZDX) specification, registered with USDOT and hosted through an NJIT Smart Work Zones project, supporting real-time information sharing with third-party platforms.

Universal Double Fines

To promote safer driving behavior and deter violations, traffic violations in work zones are subject to double fines

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Guidelines Beyond MUTCD

NJDOT adheres to the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) guidelines and incorporates additional state-specific best practices where applicable.

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Officer Presence

Based on project needs, Law enforcement officers can be requested in work zones to enforce traffic laws, manage incidents, and ensure compliance with regulations.

Flagger Details

NJDOT requires that flaggers are trained, equipped with high-visibility gear, and capable of directing traffic both safely and efficiently in work zones.

Work Zone Inspection and QA

Regular inspections and quality assurance assessments are conducted to ensure compliance with safety standards and project specifications. A Certified Traffic Control Coordinator (TCC) must be available 24/7 for every construction project

Training Requirements for Workers

NJDOT requires all workers involved in traffic control and safety to complete appropriate training. Flaggers and TCCs must be trained. NJDOT, in collaboration with Rutgers University, conducts regular Traffic Control Coordinator (TCC) training programs.

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Use of Technology in Work Zones

NJDOT utilizes Variable Message Signs (VMS), portable VMS, and portable cameras in work zones where warranted. Deployment of Smart Work Zone technology follows established guidelines.

Public Engagement and Communication

NJDOT actively informs the public about work zone projects through press releases, social media, and its website. New Jersey uses 511 systems and social media to communicate work zone updates to the public. NJDOT currently provides numerous feeds to various technology partners including Twitter/X automated feeds (511nj.org)

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Crash Data Collection and Analysis

The New Jersey Department of Transportation (NJDOT) is dedicated to advancing traffic safety through the statewide electronic collection of crash data from all municipalities. Understanding the vital role that accurate and dependable data plays, NJDOT has implemented validation rules to ensure that electronically submitted reports include all essential fields necessary for comprehensive crash analysis. Furthermore, NJDOT partners with academic institutions to provide specialized training programs for officers, enhancing their ability to accurately identify and document traffic incidents, with a special focus on "Incident Zones." By investing in these collaborative initiatives, NJDOT strives to enhance data precision, thereby facilitating the development of more effective traffic safety measures and policies.

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New York

Speed Safety Cameras

New York operates a work zone speed safety camera program that, after launching in 2023 as a five-year program, was made permanent and expanded in 2025 (extended through 2031, with the number of eligible work zones doubled). Up to 30 mobile units are deployed, 20 on NYSDOT roads and 10 on the Thruway. Program data have shown extreme speeding, with detected speeds up to 139 mph.

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Integration with WZDX

New York integrates work zone information with navigation apps like Waze and company vehicle systems through technologies that provide real-time alerts about maintenance and emergency activity. These efforts are part of broader initiatives to enhance communication and driver awareness in work zones.

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Universal Double Fines

New York implements double fines in work zones but does not apply them universally to all violations. Specific criteria and conditions determine when double fines are enforced.

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Guidelines Beyond MUTCD

New York supplements MUTCD with its own set of standard sheets and guidelines for work zone setups. These include additional requirements, such as using more attenuator trucks and expanded roll-ahead distances for greater safety in work zones.

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Officer Presence

In New York, a dedicated team of NYS State Troopers is deployed based on the risk level of the work zone. A partnership between NYSDOT and the State Police prioritizes sites and deploys available resources, with higher-risk work zones receiving priority.

Flagger Details

Flaggers are required in most work zones, especially when lane closures or complex traffic control are involved. New York requires flaggers to be properly trained, and contractors are responsible for ensuring they meet state standards for safety and proper positioning.

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Work Zone Inspection and QA

In New York, work zones are inspected by a quality assurance (QA) program that involves a team conducting inspections across different regions. These inspections are performed randomly and include a review of maintenance, mowing, construction, and permit work. The state also has a process for identifying violations and addressing them promptly.

Training Requirements for Workers

New York requires flagger training for all workers, particularly those controlling traffic in high-risk zones. Flaggers are trained through a certification program, and workers are also given on-the-job training with experienced personnel to ensure safety.

Use of Technology in Work Zones

New York is implementing speed safety cameras and smart work zones, collecting data from sensors and using probe data for real-time guidance. The state also monitors work zones with cameras and explores technologies to communicate work zone information to navigation systems like Waze.

Public Engagement and Communication

New York communicates work zone information through 511 systems and Waze integration. The state also uses social media and other platforms to keep the public informed about active work zones.

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Crash Data Collection and Analysis

New York collects crash data through police reports with a checkbox for work zone-related crashes. They also track intrusions, where vehicles enter the work zone, to understand the impact of work zone safety measures.

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Rhode Island

Speed Safety Cameras

Rhode Island has not yet implemented speed safety cameras in work zones. The state has expressed interest in exploring this technology as part of broader enhancements to work zone safety, but no active programs or pilots are currently in place.

Integration with WZDX

Rhode Island has limited integration with WZDX. Work zone information is shared through its 511 system and apps like Waze and Google Maps, but this is primarily for static project updates rather than real-time dynamic updates.

Universal Double Fines

Rhode Island does not have universal double fines in work zones. Fines and enforcement strategies depend on the specific circumstances of each project. RIDOT does have a standard detail for “TRAFFIC FINES DOUBLED” signs, and a Rhode Island general law is in place (R.I. Gen. Laws § 31-14-12.1, part (b)), but signs must be posted for the doubled fines to be enforced.

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Guidelines Beyond MUTCD

Rhode Island follows the MUTCD and supplements it with state-specific work zone guidance. This includes RIDOT Departmental Policy DPM 450.05, Work Zone Safety and Mobility, which implements the federal Work Zone Safety and Mobility Rule and sets Transportation Management Plan requirements for RIDOT projects, the Work Zone Traffic Control section of the RIDOT Traffic Design Manual, and RIDOT standard details and standard specifications for temporary traffic control.

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Officer Presence

In Rhode Island, officer presence is required for certain high-risk or complex work zones, especially on interstate projects. Police are often deployed for visibility and safety but are not always required for every work zone.

Flagger Details

Flaggers are required for many work zones in Rhode Island, particularly when traffic needs to be directed through or around the work zone. Flaggers must be trained to meet state safety standards, and the proper performance of properly trained flaggers is critical for maintaining safe traffic flow.

Work Zone Inspection and QA

In Rhode Island, for RIDOT Projects, work zone inspections are carried out by the Construction Management office at various times during the project, with random checks conducted by the Health and Safety Office under the Division of Traffic Safety. Consultants may also be hired for additional peer inspections . Contractors on RIDOT Projects are required to conduct their own inspections and QA activities per State standard specifications.

Training Requirements for Workers

Rhode Island requires flagger training for workers in work zones, with training programs managed by contractors and state agencies. The state enforces these requirements to ensure safety and compliance during work zone operations.

Use of Technology in Work Zones

As of March 2025, Rhode Island DOT has had a few smart work zones deployed via Construction Projects with real-time data collection through traffic management systems. The state utilizes 511 systems for updating drivers and is looking into expanding connected work zones and integrating more data into navigation apps.

Public Engagement and Communication

Rhode Island shares work zone updates through its 511 system and integrates with Waze for real-time information. Public outreach efforts are supplemented by social media channels to inform the public of any major changes.

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Crash Data Collection and Analysis

Rhode Island tracks crash data through police reports and uses a GIS mapping tool to visualize high-crash locations. The state uses this data to assess work zone safety.

Vermont

Speed Safety Cameras

Vermont has authorized a pilot for speed safety cameras in limited-access highway work zones (S.184, 2024), with a window of about July 2025 to July 2027, designed to issue warnings and then graduated civil fines and to collect data on speeds, warnings, violations, and repeat offenders. As of late 2025 it had not been deployed: implementation stalled because state law requires a law-enforcement officer to review images and issue citations and no agency had taken on that role, and VTrans was developing amendments for the 2026 session.

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Integration with WZDX

Vermont has discussed integrating work zone data with WZDX and its 511 system, but these efforts are not yet fully implemented. Current updates focus on static project information for state-maintained roads.

Universal Double Fines

Vermont applies double fines in work zones but only when the speed limit has been reduced. If the speed limit remains unchanged, double fines do not apply.

Guidelines Beyond MUTCD

Vermont supplements MUTCD with its Work Zone Safety & Mobility Policy & Guidance, which is focused on capital improvement projects. The state also uses standard drawings related to work zones, with additional traffic engineering instructions (TEI) for detours and maintenance-related work.

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Officer Presence

In Vermont, officer presence is generally required for higher-risk work zones, particularly during night work. However, officers are not always needed for every project. The decision is based on traffic volume, location, and project complexity.

Flagger Details

Flaggers are required for most work zones, particularly for projects with lane closures or where traffic control is needed. Flaggers must undergo training, and the state enforces this to ensure their proper deployment and safety in the work zone.

Work Zone Inspection and QA

In Vermont, work zone inspections are managed by the Resident Engineer, who is responsible for overseeing compliance with traffic control plans. Inspections are done at the start of the project and continue throughout, with additional oversight from the Work Zone Engineer.

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Training Requirements for Workers

Vermont mandates flagger training as part of the work zone safety protocols. The state ensures that flaggers are trained and that work zone safety protocols are followed through the Highway Division’s training programs.

Use of Technology in Work Zones

Vermont is experimenting with smart work zones and speed safety cameras in a limited capacity. The state uses portable rumble strips and variable message signs to manage traffic flow, and it is considering more advanced technologies for work zone management.

Public Engagement and Communication

Vermont uses 511 systems to share work zone updates, but broader public engagement efforts are limited. There is some discussion about integrating work zone data into Waze, but this is still under development. Vermont publishes project information on the Agency’s website, where updates, impacts to travel, contract information, and project team information is posted. Further, larger projects will have a public information consultant who work with our Resident Engineers to push out project updates on a weekly basis. The lists of recipients are created for each project to include various stakeholders, local media, and the public. Our 511 feeds are linked to Waze, and if working appropriately, the relevant closures and impacts to travel should be integrated with Waze.

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Crash Data Collection and Analysis

Vermont tracks work zone crash data through internal reporting systems, focusing on high-crash locations and work zone incidents for trend analysis.

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